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Countering Misinformation/Disinformation in Your Community

March 12, 2022

As I imagine many of you do, I spend time thinking and reading about the ways in which misinformation and disinformation affect our society. For those unfamiliar with the distinction between the two terms, misinformation is simply false information, which may or may not have been intended to mislead; disinformation is false information which has been disseminated with the explicit intent to mislead readers. (The Debunking Handbook, mentioned in a previous It’s Academic! post, and dictionary.com have further discussion of the two terms.) As both the COVID-19 pandemic and the “Big Lie” about the 2020 election show, mis/disinformation have serious real-world consequences.

Given the scope of the problem and my professional zeal for providing correct information, I’m always seeking ways to help address it beyond my class instruction sessions. Last summer, an opportunity to do so appeared when the Pitt Disinformation Lab (PDL) was created. Since the PDL was founded in part by a Political Science professor and I’m the Political Science liaison, I’ve been fortunate to be involved in the PDL since the beginning. Like many other university centers and initiatives, the PDL is studying and countering mis/disinformation on social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter. What makes the PDL novel, though, is our hyper-local focus on Western Pennsylvania and our face-to-face education of, and dialogue with, Pittsburgh community members. We’re seeking to understand residents’ entire information environment, both online and offline, to build civic resilience to disinformation.  

I’m a member of a PDL subgroup that is focused on the community resilience efforts. The idea is to partner with existing community groups and leaders to strengthen local information ecosystems and develop knowledge and tools to fight disinformation. Currently, we’re having virtual discussions with members of Pittsburgh’s Homewood neighborhood over a period of seven weeks about disinformation and their local knowledge ecosystems. Our conversations have ranged from examination of local “news deserts” to examining the history of Black-owned media in our region. The next session, with two of our university librarians, will explore creating grassroots community narratives, particularly against narratives of neighborhoods that often focus on, as our participants put it, “only the negative.” These sessions will help inform our future partnerships, possibly including local public libraries.

Cathedral of Learning Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh Cathedral of Learning (CC BY-SA 2.0), courtesy of Flickr user crazypaco

My participation in the PDL has enabled me to broaden the library’s ties with the university and has enabled me to work with faculty members outside of my liaison areas. It’s been enlightening to learn how other disciplines understand the relevant issues and see how they fight mis/disinformation. However, I’ve also deepened existing relationships, particularly with the PDL co-lead, who is a History faculty member I’ve worked with for years in my role as a History liaison. Being a PDL member has enabled me to see a side of her work and interests that I perhaps would never have seen in my day-to-day liaison duties.

While your university may not have the capacity to create a large research center to study and address false information, there may be ways to do similar work on your campus. For instance, partner with faculty members in their disinformation research and education. If there are community groups or public libraries you’re in contact with, see if they’d be willing to host workshops or discussions. Our professional understanding of information ecosystems means we have a lot to contribute to the fight against mis/disinformation.

Taking Stock of Things: Shelf Reading in Storage

March 8, 2022

Here in Library Storage Land, we’re welcoming well over 100,000 new items into our stacks as part of a renovation at the main library. This move should be finished within the year, but that doesn’t mean the work is (all hail the long tail). After such a big move, I’d like to take stock of what we have in our facility by undertaking a large shelf reading or inventory auditing project.

Like any other active collection, library storage requires collection maintenance; it just looks different from reading call numbers and putting them in order. In our case, we call shelf reading “auditing,” which refers to the process of scanning each item barcode in a tray into our software, checking our actual inventory against what our software says we have. It doesn’t matter what order the books in, it only matters that the book is sitting in the tray its barcode has been assigned to. It’s a way to identify whether there are any gaps in our trays–either due to a missing book, a circulating book, or simply a tray we didn’t fill up all the way when shelving it. It’s also way to see whether a book has been reshelved in the wrong tray or whether a book somehow ended up in a tray without being entered into our software. With a collection of over 3 million items–most of which circulate–in an environment where items are sorted by size instead of call number, one incorrectly shelved book can mean that book being virtually lost until we stumble across it again. Performing regular audits is one such way to prevent such an end result.

Photo by Tiger Lily from Pexels

Another key aspect of shelf reading in storage that makes it different from on-site shelf reading is the physicality of the facility. Not only do we have more of an inventory to look through than a typical on-site library, but most of our books are too high for a person to reach. Anyone who wants to participate in an auditing process needs to be certified in operating an order picker, which can potentially rule out the use of temporary employees and student workers. Instead of pulling out books lined up side by side, we have to pull each tray (which are shelved two or three deep) from the shelf and scan each book. This means more time and physical exertion is required. So, keeping all that in mind, such a project can take a very long time to complete, which is why it’s prudent to be intentional about it.

I am currently working on prioritizing individual shelves using the following criteria: how long ago were these items accessioned, which shelves had problem items when we made the switch from a homebrew inventory management software to CaiaSoft, and which shelves are we most often pulling from to fulfill requests. Talking to our operations manager, who has a great deal of institutional knowledge, I can also identify shelves that are already known to be error-prone areas. I will have to work with our technical services department and the rest of my team to develop a process for fixing any errors that the auditing may reveal. After these shelves are audited and fixed, our facility may be able to transition out of project mode to the practice of auditing randomly generated shelves as routine maintenance.

When our inventory is accurate and responsive, we can provide quicker and better service to our patrons. Auditing in storage, however, requires much more involvement than typical shelf reading, and therefore requires special considerations. I hope to be able to write another post a year or two from now letting you all know how it went!

CRD Virtual Journal Club

March 7, 2022
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We are excited to share the selected reading for the second session of the Spring 2022 series of the Virtual Journal Club, sponsored by the College & Research Division of the Pennsylvania Library Association!

Our second session focused on inclusive libraries will take place on Thursday, March 17th at 2:00. We will read and discuss: Simms, S., & Johnson, H. (2019). Subtle activism: Using the library exhibit as a social justice tool. Alexandria, 29(1-2), 130-144.

Contact me at akirby@pennhighlands.edu if you’d like to join us in our Zoom discussion of this article.

Still Troubling, Still Useful: Thoughts on Twitter

March 3, 2022

March is typically a time when students, colleagues, and just about everyone under the (usually cloud-covered) sun experience fatigue. Spring break for many is either here or around the corner, and everyone is capital-T Tired. This extra-unprecedented time of global crises, though, is not typical.* Persistent “return to normal” messaging adds to the stress, at least for me. It’s no wonder that motivation, creativity, and cognition levels seem so low.

When thinking about what does help inspire or motivate me — or remind me what day of the week it is — I came to a surprising conclusion. Aside from people in my life, somehow, it’s content on Twitter.

Photo by Karolina Grabowska on Pexels.com

As a member of Twitter teams for several organizations, Twitter feeds have been valuable sources of updates on issues in librarianship. Colleagues and publications around the world share amazing discoveries and ideas in their tweets. I think I’ll always prefer and miss Google Reader, but this is another way to get updates on topics of interest in one place.

Of course, Twitter and other social media platforms can be deeply problematic (to say the least) with hateful, deceptive, abusive, and just plain terrible content. Users can mute, unfollow or report accounts and tweets, but those aren’t perfect systems. Some users can now also try Safety Mode, a tool the company is rolling out as a way to “reduce the burden on people dealing with unwelcome interactions.”

When the platform seems especially overwhelming, I limit what I do to what’s needed for the task at hand, and then I log off. Finding relevant content quickly is made easier by following or creating Twitter lists and checking those feeds, instead of the main feed or trending topics. Also, I intentionally get very few notifications — another It’s Academic blogger, Kayla Van Osten, shares good reasons why.

Content on Twitter is often mentioned in conversations about misinformation, with plenty to research and read about. Many of us work with our communities on strategies to evaluate information, while also trying to navigate misinformation we come across online in our daily lives. (For more about this: The Thinking Behind Misinformation by Alex K.) Recently, Twitter expanded its pilot of a crowdsourced fact-checking project called Birdwatch, with a feature for users to put notes on tweets they think contain misinformation.

Overall, I’ve found that customizing Twitter for my own well-being takes a little more effort and setup than it used to, but the platform remains a resource for learning and also, for advocacy — take “Librarians fight book bans with Twitter takeover” as one example.

Do you use Twitter to keep up with librarianship, reach your communities, get updates on conferences and CFPs…? What are your recommendations?

* Side note: To whoever keeps jinxing us by saying “things could be worse,” might I suggest saying “things could be better” instead?

Creating a Library App

March 1, 2022
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A few years ago my library investigated the possibility of creating an app.  We hoped to create an app that enabled access to key library resources like our databases, the catalog, ebooks, and our contact information.  We reached out to several app developers that specialized in libraries, but the high cost of these solutions prevented us from moving forward. 

Eventually we stumbled upon the app developer Goodbarber. Goodbarber lets you create an app without the need to code the app from scratch.  By using their visual interface you design your app, then add your own links, text, and images.  The process is not unlike using WordPress or a similar tool to make a website.   When you are done, you can use guides created by Goodbarber to submit your app to the Apple and Google app stores.   It’s a technical process that does require some knowhow but it’s doable for a determined tech savvy person. The process entails that you create a Google Developer Account ($100 one time fee) and an Apple Developer Account ($100 yearly).  The yearly costs for Goodbarber are less than $600.  Which is a fraction of the cost of most app creation options.  You can see their pricing here – https://www.goodbarber.com/pricing/content/   Our app can be seen here – https://www.pennhighlandslibrary.org/library-app/

If anyone is curious about using this process to create an app please let me know.